Frozen Shoulder

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. The condition typically develops gradually, worsens over time, and then resolves, though this can take a significant amount of time—sometimes up to two or three years.

Frozen shoulder generally progresses through three stages

Freezing Stage

In this stage, any movement of the shoulder causes pain, and the range of motion in the shoulder starts to become limited. This stage can last from six weeks to nine months.

Frozen Stage

During the frozen stage, pain may begin to diminish, but the shoulder becomes stiffer, and daily activities can be difficult. This stage typically lasts four to six months.

Thawing Stage

The range of motion in the shoulder begins to improve, and there is a gradual return to normal or near-normal movement and function. This stage can last from six months to two years.

Causes

The exact cause of frozen shoulder is not fully understood. However, it is more common in people who have had their arm immobilized for an extended period, such as after surgery or an injury. Other factors that may increase the risk include:

– Diabetes
– Thyroid disorders
– Cardiovascular disease
– Parkinson’s disease

Treatment

Treatment for frozen shoulder typically involves managing pain and working to restore motion in the shoulder. Options include:
– Physical Therapy: Stretching and range-of-motion exercises are key to treatment. Sometimes, therapy may include ultrasound or electrical stimulation.

– Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or steroid injections may be used to reduce inflammation and pain.
– Surgical Intervention: In severe cases, surgery might be considered to loosen the joint capsule. This can be done through manipulation under anesthesia or arthroscopic surgery.

Prevention

To prevent frozen shoulder, it’s important to maintain a good range of motion in the shoulder, especially after an injury or surgery.

Regular stretching and mobility exercises can help keep the shoulder joint flexible.

If you suspect you have frozen shoulder, it is important to consult a healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

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