Biceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder

A biceps tendon tear at the shoulder refers to an injury where the tendon that connects the biceps muscle to the shoulder becomes torn. The biceps muscle has two tendons that attach it to the shoulder: the long head of the biceps tendon and the short head of the biceps tendon. Most tears occur in the long head of the biceps tendon.

Types of Biceps Tendon Tears

1. Partial Tear: The tendon is frayed or damaged but not completely severed.

2. Complete Tear: The tendon is completely severed from its attachment point.

Causes

Overuse

Repetitive overhead activities can cause the tendon to wear down over time.

Acute Injury

A sudden injury, such as lifting something heavy or falling on an outstretched arm, can cause a tear.

Age-related Degeneration

As tendons age, they weaken and become more susceptible to injury.

Symptoms

– Sudden, Sharp Pain: Often felt at the front of the shoulder, sometimes with a popping sound.
– Weakness in the Shoulder: Particularly when lifting or rotating the arm.

– Popeye Muscle: In the case of a complete tear, the biceps muscle may bulge, creating a “Popeye” appearance.
– Bruising: Bruising may develop around the shoulder and down the arm.

Diagnosis

– Physical Examination: The doctor will assess the shoulder for pain, weakness, and the characteristic bulging of the biceps muscle.

– Imaging: MRI or ultrasound may be used to confirm the extent of the tear.

Treatment

– Non-surgical Options: Rest, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatory medications may be sufficient for partial tears or in patients where surgery is not a good option.

– Surgery: Surgical repair is often recommended for complete tears, particularly in younger or more active patients. Surgery involves reattaching the tendon to the bone.

Rehabilitation

– Post-Surgery: Physical therapy is crucial to regain strength and mobility in the shoulder. Full recovery may take several months.

– Non-Surgical: Physical therapy focuses on strengthening surrounding muscles and maintaining flexibility.

Prognosis

– Non-Surgical: Many patients can regain full function without surgery, especially if the tear is partial.

– Surgical: Surgery generally has a high success rate, with most patients regaining full function, although some loss of strength may occur.

If you suspect a biceps tendon tear or are experiencing shoulder pain, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.

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