Stress Fracture

A stress fracture is a small crack or severe bruising within a bone, often caused by repetitive force, overuse, or trauma. It’s a common injury, especially among athletes, particularly those involved in high-impact sports like running, basketball, or gymnastics. Stress fractures can also occur due to conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis.<br>

Common Sites:
Weight-bearing bones of the lower leg and foot, such as the tibia, metatarsals, and navicular bones

Symptoms

Pain that develops gradually and worsens with activity

Swelling and tenderness at the site of the fracture

Pain that persists even at rest in more severe cases

Causes

– Overuse or repetitive activities without adequate rest
– Sudden increase in activity or intensity (e.g., running longer distances or increasing workout frequency)

– Poor footwear or improper technique during physical activities
– Conditions that weaken bones, like osteoporosis

Diagnosis

A stress fracture can often be diagnosed based on a physical examination and medical history. However, imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI,

or bone scans may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis, as stress fractures may not show up on X-rays until a few weeks after the injury.

Treatment

– Rest: The primary treatment for a stress fracture is rest. Avoid activities that put weight or stress on the affected area.
– Immobilization: In some cases, a brace, boot, or crutches may be recommended to prevent further stress on the bone.

– Ice: Applying ice to the area can help reduce pain and swelling.
– Physical Therapy: Strengthening and conditioning exercises can be part of recovery once the bone begins to heal.
– Gradual Return to Activity: Once healed, it’s essential to gradually return to activity, often under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Prevention

– Gradually increase activity levels rather than making sudden changes.
– Use proper footwear and equipment.

– Cross-train to avoid repetitive stress on specific bones.
– Ensure adequate nutrition, including sufficient calcium and vitamin D for bone health.

If you suspect you have a stress fracture, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. Ignoring the injury can lead to more severe fractures and longer recovery times.

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