Unicompartmental Knee Replacement

Unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR), also known as partial knee replacement, is a surgical procedure used to treat arthritis or damage in just one of the knee’s compartments—usually the medial (inner) or lateral (outer) compartment. Unlike total knee replacement, which replaces the entire knee joint, UKR targets only the damaged portion, leaving the healthy cartilage, bone, and ligaments intact.

Indications for UKR

Osteoarthritis

If only one compartment of the knee is affected by arthritis, UKR can be an option.

Preserved Ligament Function

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and other ligaments should be in good condition.

Good Range of Motion

Patients with less severe deformities in the knee joint, such as less bone-on-bone contact, are ideal candidates.

Absence of Inflammatory Arthritis

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory conditions usually aren’t suitable candidates.

Advantages of UKR

– Quicker recovery: Since less bone and tissue are removed, recovery times can be faster than with total knee replacement.
– Less invasive: The incision is usually smaller, and the surgery is less complex.

– Natural knee movement: Patients often retain a more natural range of motion compared to a full replacement.
– Less pain: The procedure is typically associated with reduced postoperative pain.

Disadvantages and Risks

– May not last as long: Compared to total knee replacements, UKRs may have a shorter lifespan, and some patients may eventually need a total knee replacement.
– Not suitable for everyone: The success of the procedure largely depends on the patient’s specific condition.

– Potential for revision: If arthritis progresses to other parts of the knee, a revision surgery may be necessary.

Recovery

Patients typically experience quicker rehabilitation than with total knee replacement, with many being able to walk shortly after surgery,

return to normal activities within a few weeks, and potentially get back to low-impact sports within months. Physical therapy is a crucial component of recovery to restore strength and mobility.

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